IPsec Tunnel Mode vs. Transport Mode: Key Differences and Use Cases

IPsec provides encryption and authentication to secure IP traffic, commonly used in business VPNs. It supports two encapsulation modes: Tunnel Mode and Transport Mode.

  1. Tunnel Mode:

    • Encrypts the entire IP packet (both header and payload).
    • Commonly used for gateway-to-gateway or server-to-server connections across an untrusted network (e.g., the Internet).
    • Adds a new IP header, protecting internal routing information.
    • More secure but has higher overhead.

  2. Transport Mode:

    • Only encrypts the payload of the IP packet, keeping the original header.
    • Ideal for end-to-end communication between devices within the same network.
    • Lower overhead and larger MTU but less secure in complex setups.

When to Use Each:

  • Tunnel Mode is best for inter-network security, especially when traversing NAT or untrusted networks.
  • Transport Mode is ideal for direct, end-to-end communication with minimal overhead.

#IPsec #VPN #NetworkSecurity



https://www.perimeter81.com/glossary/ipsec-tunnel-mode-vs-transport-mode#:~:text=IPsec%20Tunnel%20Mode%20vs%20Transport%20Mode%3A%20When%20to%20Use%20Each%20Mode,-In%20order%20to&text=If%20you%20are%20both%20behind,transport%20mode%20simply%20encrypts%20packets.


https://www.twingate.com/blog/ipsec-tunnel-mode



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